A revival in the 1st century BC and the next century or two of various features traditionally associated with the followers of Pythagoras (fl.6th century BC); see Pythagoreanism.
Though of some minor importance as an influence on neo-Platonism, the movement largely occupied itself with arithmetic and arithmology (attributing metaphysical and mystical properties to numbers), developing material from Plato (c.427-c.347 BC) and other philosophical movements along these lines.
Source:
D J O’Meara, Pythagoras Revisited: Mathematics and Philosophy in Late Antiquity (1989)
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